CII: Making Zero Accidents a Reality

• Construction Industry Institute (CII)
  
• Take a safety journey
  
• Review the research methodology
  
• Reveal best practices identified
  
• Review and discuss key findings
  
• Summary and questions
  

Project Team160 - Committee Members

Bill Alfera
FPL Energy, Inc.

Alan R. Burton
Cianbro Corporation

Mike Cain
Lockwood Greene

Dennis Cobb
E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc.

Pual DeForge
Ontario Power Generation

John A. Gambatese
Oregon State University

Tom hardesty
Celanese Acetate

Jimmie W. Hinze
University of Florida

Scott Johnson
Tyco/Grinnel Fire Protection

Randy Marconnet
Watkins Engineering & Constructors, Inc,

Bill W. Poppell
Florida Power & Light Company

Mike F. Schwimmer
Chevron U.S.A., Inc.

Gary L. Wilson
NCCER

P.D. Frey
Austin Industries

Construction Industry Institute

A consortium of leading owners, contractors, suppliers, and academia who are interested in improving the constructed project and the capital investment process.

CII Mission

To improve the safety, quality, schedule, and cost effectiveness of its members through research and implementation support for the purpose of providing a competitive advantage to its members in the global marketplace.

Owner Members

• Exxon
  
• Chevron
  
• Shell
  
• BP/Amoco
  
• Dupont
  
• Conoco
  
• Citgo
  
• Texaco
  
• Phillips
  
• Celanese
  
• Intel
  
• General Motors
  
• Alcoa
  
• Reliant Energy
  
• Nasa
  
• TVA
  
• Ontario Power
  
• U.S. Steel
  

CII Contractor Members

• ABB Lummus Global
  
• Bechtel Group
  
• BE&K
  
• Black & Veatch
  
• Chicago Bridge & Iron
  
• Burns and Roe
  
• The Parsons Corp.
  
• Rust Contractors
  
• Fluor Daniel
  
• Foster Wheeler USA
  
• Jacobs Engineering
  
• Kellogg Brown & Root
  
• Kiewit Construction
  
• Morrison Knudsen
  
• H. B. Zachry
  
• Stone & Webster Engineering
  
• S&B Engineers and Constructors
  

Participating Universities

Arizona State Auburn Cal-Berkeley Carnegie Mellon Cincinnati Clemson Colorado Columbia Drexel Florida Georgia Tech Houston Illinois Iowa State Kentucky Lehigh MIT

New Mexico North Carolina State North Dakota State Oklahoma State Oregon State Penn State Polytechnic University NY Purdue Stanford SUNY-Buffalo Texas Texas A&M Virginia Tech Washington Wisconsin Worcester Polytechnic Xavier

CII Knowledge Structure

Identifies CII:

• Best Practices
  
• Pending Best Practices
  
• Informational products
  

Industry input critical to Best Practice selection.

All Best Practices validated.

First CII Zero Accidents Study Findings - 1993

High-impact zero accident techniques

• Pre-project/pre-task planning for safety
  
• Safety orientation and training
  
• Written safety incentive programs
  
• Alcohol and substance abuse programs
  
• Accident/incident investigations
  

CII Lost Work Case Performance - 1993-1999



CII OSHA RecordablePerformance - 1993-1999


Zero Accidents - Revisited

What safety best practices have supported this improvement and are at the forefront of safety management today?

"Making Zero Accidents a Reality"
Nov. 1999 Project Team -160

Zero Accidents Study 2000/2001

Methodology – two studies

• Large construction firms
  
• Large construction projects

Survey of 400 largest construction firms in the US

• Based on ENR 400 for 1999
  
• 400 surveys sent – 102 responses

Detailed interviews on construction projects

• 38 Projects
  
• Types
  
  
  • Petrochemical
    
  • Industrial
    
  • Public works
    
  • Transportation
    
  • Hotel-Casino
    
  • Commercial buildings
    
    
• Locations: US wide geographic area
  
• Sizes: $50-$600 million
  

Nine Zero Accident Best Practices

• Demonstrated management commitment
  
• Staffing for safety
  
• Safety planning
  
• Safety training and education
  
• Worker participation and involvement
  
• Subcontractor management
  
• Recognition and rewards
  
• Accident/Incident reporting and investigations
  
• Drug and alcohol testing
  

Best Practice Results

Over 30 key findings revealed significant lower recordable injury rates with companies utilizing these best practices.

Demonstrated Management Commitment

• Safety mission statements
  
• Project-specific newsletters
  
• Top Management involved in accident/incident investigations of recordable and lost time injuries
  
• Top Management personally involved in reviewing safety performance reports
  
• Senior field management
  
  
  • Participation in field safety inspections
    
  • Participation in orientation

Demonstrated Management Commitment

Top management participated in investigation of recordable injuries



Top management participated in investigation of lost time injuries


Company president/senior management reviews safety performance report


Home office safety inspections on the project


Corporate accident report summary provided to all the jobs?


Safety Staffing

People, methods, resources, and key impacts

• Adequate staffing
  
• Safety involved in project meetings
  
• Safety included in cost,scheduling, and quality reports

Safety professionals per 50 workers


View of safety personnel by other workers on the site


Who does the safety representative report to?


Safety Planning

Pre-project and pre-task planning-key impacts

• Job hazard analysis
  
• Constructability reviews
  
• Pre-task planning
  
• Site-specific safety programs

Does the project have a site-specific safety program?


Pre-task meetings held?


Safety Training and Education

• New worker safety orientation
  
• Follow-up safety training
  
• Tool box safety meetings

Is Safety Training a line item within the budget?


Every Worker on site receive a formal standard orientation


Additional monthly training for employees


What day toolbox safety meetings held


Worker Involvement and Participation

• Employee/Involvement Safety Teams
  
• Worker-to-worker observation process
  
• Worker perception surveys

Are safety observers used on the projects?


Workers trained and utilized for worker-to-worker observation?


Do management and supervisory personnel receive behavior overview training?


Total amount of safety observation reports filed on the project


Are safety perception surveys conducted on the project?


Recognition and Rewards

Effect of worker safety incentives

• Individual versus crew incentives
  
• Based on injuries or safe behavior
  
• Frequency of awards
  
• Career progression

Does a formal worker incentive/ recognition and reward program exist?


How often are incentives given to workers?


Incentive based on zero injury objective?


Do family members attend safety dinners?


Field supervisors evaluated on safety?


Subcontractor Management

• Site-specific safety plans
  
• Site orientation
  
• Sanctions for sub-standard performance
  
• Frequency of safety meetings

Subs submit site-specific safety plans?


Subs attend a formal standard safety orientation?


Sanctions are imposed for non-compliance?


Frequency that subs hold safety meetings



Accident/Incident Reportingand Investigation

• Documented near misses
  
• Top management involvement

Amount of near misses recorded on the project


Recordable injuries investigated by top management


Work in Progress

• Implementation Data Sheets
  
• Education Modules
  
• Outage/Turnaround Research
  
• Overtime Research

Best Practices
Getting to Zero Accidents

• Demonstrated management commitment
  
• Staffing for safety
  
• Safety planning – pre-project/pre-task
  
• Safety training and education
  
• Worker involvement and participation
  
• Recognition and rewards
  
• Subcontractor management
  
• Accident/incident reporting and investigation
  
• Drug and alcohol testing

Types of Contract

Is Safety managed as a value?


Concluding Remarks

• Establish a Formal Safety Education Process for management, and the workers
  
• Evaluate and measure the safety management system
  
• Reward management, workers, and subcontractors for safe behavior
  
• Make safety a evaluation criteria for Management and supervision
  
• Engage substandard safety management, practices & conditions at all levels
  
• Demonstrated management commitment is essential
  
• Employee involvement is essential
  
• Integrate safety early into the project development and planning process
  
• Build your project safety plans based on specific scope and risk;
  
• Pre-Task analysis is critical

"Even if you're on the right track, you'll get run over if you just sit there. "
Will Rogers